Household waste systems differ more between countries than almost any other daily-life detail, so this is one of the first things to learn when you move somewhere new. Broadly, there are three models: scheduled curbside pickup on fixed days, communal bins or dumpsters that you can use anytime, and, in some cities, strict timed systems where you may only put bags out in a narrow window before collection.
Apartment buildings often simplify things with a shared bin room, while houses usually mean managing your own bins and remembering collection days. Schedules typically alternate between general waste, recyclables, and sometimes organic waste on different days of the week.
Your landlord, building manager, or neighbours are the best first source, and most municipalities publish a collection calendar online, sometimes with an app that sends reminders. Do take this seriously: in stricter countries, putting the wrong waste out on the wrong day can earn a rejected bag with a warning sticker, complaints from neighbours, or a fine. Getting the trash routine right is a small thing that buys a lot of goodwill locally.